Integration of Artificial Intelligence in 21st Century Education: Analysis of Opportunities and Implications for Islamic Values

Purnama sari; Mahir Ahmad

Authors

Purnama sari State University of Medan
Mahir Ahmad

Keywords:

Artificial intelligence, 21st century education, Islamic values, ethical and humanist perspective

Abstract

This study examines the opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence (AI) in 21st-century education and offers an ethical and humanistic perspective aligned with Islamic educational values. The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential of AI to improve the quality of learning while reviewing potential negative impacts. This study uses a desk study method by reviewing scientific literature related to the application of AI in education. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of ethical perspectives and Islamic educational values, a topic rarely addressed in previous studies. The results indicate that AI can improve learning effectiveness through personalized materials, administrative automation, and expanded access. However, the application of AI also poses challenges such as reduced human interaction, the digital divide, and issues of ethics and data privacy. The synthesis of the findings emphasizes the importance of utilizing AI that upholds humanitarian values and the principles of justice in Islamic education. This study has implications for the development of AI-based learning that remains human-centered and based on Islamic spiritual values.

References

Aici. (2024). Evaluasi Otomatis Dengan Ai: Cepat Dan Akurat. Artificial Intelligence Center Indonesia.

Ajizah, R. U. N., Su’aidi, Z., & Huda, M. (2025). Artificial Intelligence In Islamic Studies And Academic Ethics: Perspectives On Development And Implementation Based On Islamic Values. Tarbawi Ngabar: Jurnal Of Education, 6(1), 147–168. Https://Doi.Org/10.55380/Tarbawi.V6i1.985

Anandal, F., Surakarta, U. M., Dahlan, U. A., Learning, I., & Religious, I. (2024). Iseedu. 8(1), 41–46.

Ariannor, W. (2025). Potensi Ai Dalam Pembelajaran Inklusif Di Pendidikan Dasar. Jurnal Al Ulum, 3(1), 49. Https://Orcid.Org/0009-0005-3088-8623

Astutik, E. P., Ayuni, N. A., Putri, A. M., & Surabaya, U. N. (2023). Cendikia Pendidikan. 1(10).

Bura, C., & Myakala, P. K. (2024). Advancing Transformative Education: Generative Ai As A Catalyst For Equity And Innovation. Http://Arxiv.Org/Abs/2411.15971

Chatterjee, S., & Bhattacharjee, K. K. (2020). Adoption Of Artificial Intelligence In Higher Education: A Quantitative Analysis Using Structural Equation Modelling. Education And Information Technologies, 25(5), 3443–3463. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10639-020-10159-7/Tables/6

Efendi, Z., Hanim, M. A. F., & Santoso, A. (2025). Kecerdasan Buatan (Ai) Dalam Pendidikan: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis Tentang Peluang, Masalah Etika, Dan Implikasi Pedagogis. Jurnal Penddikan,Kebudayaan Dan Keislaman, 4(3). Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.24260/Jpkk.V4i1.4264

Farhood, H., Nyden, M., Beheshti, A., & Muller, S. (2025). Artificial Intelligence-Based Personalised Learning In Education: A Systematic Literature Review. Discover Artificial Intelligence, 5(1). Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S44163-025-00598-X

Fernández, C., Isidoro, M., Losada, H., & Fernández, A. (2021). Early Introduction Of Ai In Spanish Middle Schools . A Motivational Study. Ki - Künstliche Intelligenz, 35(2), 163–170. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S13218-021-00735-5

Firdaus, J. A., Ummah, R. I., Aprialini, R. R., Fithriyyah, A., Mahsusi, M., & Faizin, A. (2025). Ketergantungan Penggunaan Kecerdasan Buatan (Ai) Pada Tugas Akademik Mahasiswa Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dan Kreatif. Didaktika: Jurnal Kependidikan, 14(1), 1203–1214. Https://Doi.Org/10.58230/27454312.1634

Firdaus, Jihan Alifa, Ummah, Rakhma Imamatul, Apriliani, Rama Rizky, Fithriyyah, Ainul, Mahsusi, & Faizan, Afif. (2025). 1634-Article Text-8459-1-10-20250321. Jurnal Kependidikan, 14(1), 1203–1214.

Habe, H., & Ahiruddin, A. (2017). Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Ekombis Sains: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan Dan Bisnis, 2(1), 39–45. Https://Doi.Org/10.24967/Ekombis.V2i1.48

Hasanah, M. (2018). Humanisasi Pendidikan Islam Dalam Perspektif Abdul Munir Mulkhan. Uin Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Holmes, W., Bialik, M., & Fadel, C. (2019). Artificial Intelligence In Education . Promise And Implications For Teaching And Learning . April 2023.

Holmes, W., Porayska-Pomsta, K., Holstein, K., Sutherland, E., Baker, T., Shum, S. B., Santos, O. C., Rodrigo, M. T., Cukurova, M., Bittencourt, I. I., & Koedinger, K. R. (2022). Ethics Of Ai In Education : Towards A Community-Wide Framework. 504–526.

Irmawati, & Rusdin. (2025). Irmawati, I., & Rusdin, R. (2025). Islam Dan Teknologi Dalam Harmoni: Peran Ai Dalam Reformasi Pendidikan Untuk Mewujudkan Islam Yang Rahmatan Lil ‘Alamin. Kiiies, 520– 524. Https://Jurnal.Uindatokarama.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Kiiies50/Index. Kiiies, 4, 520–524. Https://Jurnal.Uindatokarama.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Kiiies50/Index

Irpani, A. (2025). Harnessing Artificial Intelligence For The Reinforcement Of Islamic Values: A Transformation In Madrasah Education. Al-Abshar: Journal Of Islamic Education Management, 4(1), 106–118. Https://Doi.Org/10.58223/Al-Abshar.V4i1.465

Jamilah, W. S. N., Halimah, L., & Puspita, N. T. (2024). Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence Terhadap Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru. Iqro: Journal Of Islamic Education, 8(1), 388–404. Https://Doi.Org/10.24256/Iqro.V8i1.6857

Joe, M., & Omar, K. (N.D.). Personalized Learning Through Ai. 0, 16–19. Https://Doi.Org/10.54254/2977- 3903/5/2023039

Klarisa, L., Setiyanti, A. A., Purnomo, H. D., & Gundo, A. J. (2023). Analisis Kesiapan Pembelajaran Artificial Intelligence Di Tingkat Pendidikan Dasar (Studi Kasus Di Smp Negeri 1 Salatiga). Edukatif : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 5(3), 1543–1552. Https://Doi.Org/10.31004/Edukatif.V5i3.5271

Maola, P. S., Syifa, I., Handak, K., & Herlambang, Y. T. (2024). Penerapan Artificial Intelligence Dalam Pendidikan Di Era. 19(1), 61–72. Https://Doi.Org/10.29408/Edc.V19i1.24772

Nugroho, S. A., Hadi, A. P., Zainudin, A., & Priyadi, A. (2025). Pemanfaatkan Artificial Intelligence Untuk Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar Di Sekolah Dasar. 5(2), 375–386. Https://Doi.Org/10.30812/Adma.V5i2.4439

Nurbaity, A. L., Agustin, S., & Herlambang, Y. T. (2023). Peran Transformasi Teknologi Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Intelektual Siswa Di Era Revolusi 4.0. Cendikia:Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pengajaran, 1(4), 176–184. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.572349/Cendikia.V1i4

Oktavianus, A. J. E., Naibaho, L., & Rantung, D. A. (2023). Pemanfaatan Artificial Intelligence Pada Pembelajaran Dan Asesmen Di Era Digitalisasi. 05(2), 473–486.

Ronsumbre, S., Rukmawati, T., Sumarsono, A., & Waremra, R. S. (2023). Pembelajaran Digital Dengan Kecerdasan Buatan (Ai): Korelasi Ai Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa. Jurnal Educatio Fkip Unma, 9(3), 1464–1474. Https://Doi.Org/10.31949/Educatio.V9i3.5761

Sandra, K. I. (2023). Kecerdasan Buatan (Ai) Dalam Pendidikan: Antara Kebutuhan Dan Tantangan. Https://Www.Bdksurabaya-Kemenag.Id/Artikel/Kecerdasan-Buatan-Ai-Dalam-Pendidikan-Antara Kebutuhan-Dan-Tantangan?Utm_Source=Chatgpt.Com, 1.

Sofa, A. R., Muttaqin, A. I., Tohet, M., Mundir, M., Machfudi, M. I., & Mukniah, M. (2023). Revolutionizing Islamic Religious Education In The Age Of Society 5.0 Through Curriculum Innovation At Merdeka Learning Merdeka Campus (Mbkm). International Journal Of Islamic Education, 2(1), 1–12. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.35719/Ijie.V2i1.1809

Sunnah, M., M., Ma’ruf, M., & Halimah, S. (2025). Konsep Pendidikan Ta’dib Pemikiran Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas Serta Relevansinya Terhadap Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Pada Kurikulum Merdeka Di Era Society 5.0. Tajdid: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman Dan Kemanusiaan, 9(2), 253–268. Https://Doi.Org/Https://Doi.Org/10.52266/Tadjid.V9i2.5088

Tan, X., Cheng, G., & Ling, M. H. (2025). Artificial Intelligence In Teaching And Teacher Professional Development: A Systematic Review. Computers And Education: Artificial Intelligence, 8(October 2024), 100355. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Caeai.2024.100355

Taruklimbong, E. S. W., Sihotang, H., Studi, P., Administrasi, M., & Indonesia, U. K. (2023). Peluang Dan Tantangan Penggunaan Ai ( Artificial Intelligence ) Dalam Pembelajaran Kimia Program Studi Magister Administrasi Pendidikan , Universitas Kristen Indonesia. 7, 26745–26756.