ALMUSA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Journal Title : ALMUSA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Language : Indonesia and English Frequency : 4 issues per year (May, August, November and February) Publisher : PT Jurnal Pembangunan Intelektual Decree : AHU-A101157.AH.01.30.Tahun 2026 Address : Jl. Ikan Gurami, Tanggulrejo, Manyar, Gresik E-ISSN : 3021-7845 Editor-in-chief : Nafhatul Mawardah, S.Pd., M.Pd. Email : jurnalpembangunanintelektual@gmail.com ALMUSA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora is a scientific journal published by PT Jurnal Pembangunan Intelektual focusing on the publication of research findings, conceptual studies, and innovative developments in the fields of social sciences and humanities. This journal accepts articles written in Indonesian and English (preferred) from academics, researchers, lecturers, students, practitioners, and scholars who are concerned with the development of social and humanities studies in contemporary society. The journal implements a professional review process with an estimated review time of a maximum of two weeks after the manuscript is received by the editor. After submitting your manuscript, please confirm your submission via WhatsApp to help us verify and process your manuscript more efficiently.
Dasar Hukum Internasional dan Kontestasi Legitimasi Kolonial Belanda di Indonesia Pasca Perang Dunia II
The return of the Netherlands to Indonesia after the Second World War represents one of the most significant international legal issues in Indonesia’s decolonization history. Following Japan’s surrender to the Allied Powers in August 1945, the Netherlands attempted to restore its colonial authority in the Netherlands East Indies with the support of Allied military structures, particularly through the Netherlands Indies Civil Administration and civil affairs agreements with Allied commands. This article analyzes the international legal basis invoked by the Netherlands to return to Indonesia after World War II and evaluates the legitimacy of such claims in light of Indonesia’s Proclamation of Independence, the United Nations Charter, the principle of self-determination, and the involvement of the United Nations Security Council. This research applies a normative legal method with historical, conceptual, and international law approaches. The findings show that the Dutch return rested on three principal arguments: the continuity of Dutch sovereignty over the Netherlands East Indies prior to Japanese occupation, the Japanese surrender instruments to the Allies, and Civil Affairs Agreements governing the administration of territories liberated from Japanese control. However, these legal bases were primarily military-administrative in nature and did not automatically legitimize the restoration of colonial rule. After the Proclamation of 17 August 1945, the existence of the Republic of Indonesia created a new legal-political reality that attracted international attention. United Nations Security Council Resolution 27 of 1947 referred to hostilities between the armed forces of the Netherlands and the Republic of Indonesia, thereby transforming the conflict from a purely colonial domestic matter into an international issue. This article concludes that the Dutch return had an operational basis in the law of war and Allied agreements, but its colonial legitimacy became increasingly fragile under the post-1945 international legal order oriented toward decolonization, self-determination, and peaceful dispute settlement.
Copyright (c) 2026 ALMUSA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Dilema Regulatif di Balik Kursi Ganda: Celah Hukum, Konflik Kepentingan dan Ancaman terhadap Good Governance
The practice of dual or multiple office-holding by central government officials especially ministers and equivalent positions raises significant concerns regarding power ethics, public governance, and the rule of law. In Indonesia, this phenomenon frequently operates within a regulatory gray area and is often legitimized through political rhetoric or pragmatic state necessities. This article aims to comprehensively examine the issue of dual office-holding through both normative juridical and empirical juridical approaches. The discussion centers on two primary focuses: first, a socio-legal analysis that explores the dynamics of power relations, conflicts of interest, and potential legal and ethical violations using legal theory, conflict theory, and power criminology. Second, an assessment of public governance and the legislative framework—highlighting the extent to which existing laws either restrict or remain silent on the matter. Case studies include active government officials concurrently serving as executives in sports organizations, state-owned enterprises, and non-structural bodies. The findings reveal that the absence of strict oversight mechanisms and flexible legal interpretations tend to widen the margin of compromise against public integrity and accountability. The article concludes by recommending a reformulation of clear legal norms, strengthening internal and external supervision systems, and promoting a paradigm shift regarding the public official’s loyalty to public interest.
Efektivitas Media Game-Based Learning Kahoot Terhadap Pemahaman Tatakrama Bahasa Sunda Siswa SMP
The background of this study is the low ability of students to understand Sundanese language etiquette. Kahoot learning media was chosen because it can foster student learning motivation to be more active. This study aims to determine: 1) students' ability to understand Sundanese language etiquette before using Kahoot media; 2) students' ability to understand Sundanese language etiquette after using Kahoot media; and 3) significant differences between students' ability to understand Sundanese language etiquette before and after using Kahoot media. The research method used was a pre-experiment with a one-group pre-test and post-test design. The number of samples in this study was 30 students in one of the schools in Bandung for the 2025/2026 Academic Year, consisting of 12 male students and 18 female students. The data collection technique was carried out through a Sundanese undak-usuk test before and after using Kahoot media. The results in this study showed a statistically significant increase after the intervention. This proves that Kahoot media is effective in improving students' ability to understand Sundanese language etiquette. Thus, Kahoot can be used as an alternative in Sundanese language learning to create a more active, creative, and productive learning process.
Systematic Literature Review: Analisis Struktur Modal Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Sektor Makanan dan Minuman
This study aims to analyze the effect of capital structure on firm value in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Capital structure is an important financial decision because it relates to the composition of debt and equity used by the company to finance its operational and investment activities. This study uses a qualitative approach with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method and applies the PRISMA Framework in the article selection process. The data sources were obtained from scientific articles published in national journals indexed by Google Scholar during the period 2019–2024. The results of the study indicate that capital structure has an influence on firm value. Several studies show that capital structure has a positive effect on firm value because optimal debt utilization can increase profitability and investor confidence. However, other studies reveal that excessive debt usage can negatively affect firm value due to increased financial risk and interest expenses. In addition, factors such as profitability, company size, growth, and liquidity also influence the relationship between capital structure and firm value. Therefore, companies need to determine an optimal capital structure policy in order to improve financial performance, maintain financial stability, and maximize firm value.
Strategi Pelaku UMKM Tradisional Dalam Menghadapi Persaingan UMKM Yang Berbasis Aplikasi
Transformasi digital telah mengubah pola persaingan usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM) secara signifikan. Kehadiran UMKM berbasis aplikasi memberikan kemudahan akses pasar, efisiensi operasional, dan perluasan jangkauan konsumen. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan tantangan bagi UMKM tradisional yang masih mengandalkan sistem pemasaran dan transaksi konvensional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi yang dapat diterapkan oleh pelaku UMKM tradisional dalam menghadapi persaingan dengan UMKM berbasis aplikasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan (library research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa UMKM tradisional dapat meningkatkan daya saing melalui strategi diferensiasi produk, penguatan hubungan dengan pelanggan, adopsi teknologi secara bertahap, pengembangan sumber daya manusia, serta kolaborasi dengan platform digital. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa kombinasi antara nilai-nilai tradisional dan inovasi digital menjadi pendekatan yang relevan dalam menjaga keberlanjutan usaha di era ekonomi digital.
Efektivitas Metode CORE Dalam Pembelajaran Carita Babad di Madrasah Aliyah
Kemampuan mendongeng merupakan salah satu keterampilan berbicara yang penting dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Sunda karena berperan dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berkomunikasi sekaligus melestarikan budaya lokal. Namun, pembelajaran mendongeng di sekolah masih cenderung berpusat pada guru sehingga kesempatan peserta didik untuk berlatih berbicara secara aktif belum optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas metode Connecting, Organizing, Reflecting, and Extending (CORE) terhadap kemampuan mendongeng cerita babad peserta didik kelas X MA Negeri 1 Kota Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2024/2025. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen murni (true experimental research) dan desain Pretest–Posttest Control Group Design. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas satu kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas kontrol yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data diperoleh melalui tes unjuk kerja mendongeng dan dianalisis menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, serta Independent Samples t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai posttest kelas eksperimen sebesar 80,56, lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol sebesar 60,56, dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 (p < 0,05). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa metode CORE efektif meningkatkan kemampuan mendongeng cerita babad serta dapat menjadi alternatif strategi pembelajaran Bahasa Sunda yang lebih aktif dan bermakna.
Kualitas Pelayanan Publik Administrasi Kependudukan di Kecamatan Pakenjeng Kabupaten Garut
This study aims to determine the quality of public services in the Pakenjeng sub-district Garu Regency. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interview, and documentatio techniques. As for the research informants in this study were one head of public service as akey informant, one head of goverment, and one service user as a supporting informant. The data analysis technique used is an interactive model. Thw validity of the data was checked by triangulation of sources and methods.The method used for this research is descriptive qualitative method using data collection techniques, namely by means of observation, interviews and documentation and the theory used is zeithaml theory with servqual method includes 5 dimensions namely tangibles, reliability, resposiveness, assurance, and emphaty. Human resources are still lacking because many employees are old so that they become barriers to service which as we kwon it is now in the era of 4.0 where all services have been carried out online using technology so that in this sub-district many recruits non ASN employees to help service to stay optimal. Communication between employees and the community has not run optimally due to the lack of socialization carried out by the Pakenjeng sub-district.
Analisis PESTEL dalam Penerapan Kewajiban Sertifikasi Halal kepada Pelaku Industri Kecil Menengah Pangan di Kabupaten Balangan
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penerapan kewajiban sertifikasi halal kepada pelaku Industri Kecil Menengah (IKM) pangan di Kabupaten Balangan melalui pendekatan PESTEL. Fenomena yang dikaji adalah rendahnya capaian sertifikasi halal dibandingkan jumlah IKM pangan yang aktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap informan yang terdiri atas pejabat Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Balangan, penyuluh perindustrian, pendamping Proses Produk Halal, serta pelaku IKM pangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sertifikasi halal dipengaruhi oleh dukungan kebijakan, keterbatasan ekonomi, kesadaran sosial, literasi digital, kesiapan lingkungan produksi, dan kepatuhan hukum. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa sertifikasi halal merupakan proses multidimensional, bukan sekadar kewajiban administratif. Implikasinya, diperlukan strategi kolaboratif berbasis pendampingan, fasilitasi, edukasi, dan penguatan literasi digital untuk mempercepat sertifikasi halal IKM.
Copyright (c) 2026 Almusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora
Gambaran Perkembangan Ekspor Kerajinan Indonesia ke Pasar Global Berdasarkan Kode HS 44, 46, dan 69
This study aims to analyze the development of Indonesia’s handicraft exports to the global market based on Harmonized System (HS) codes 44 (wood crafts), 46 (woven crafts), and 69 (ceramic crafts) during the period 2015–2025. The background of this research is based on the strategic role of the handicraft sector as part of the creative industry that contributes significantly to non-oil and gas exports and reflects Indonesia’s cultural identity in international trade. The research employs a quantitative descriptive method using secondary data obtained from official statistical publications. The data include export values by HS classification and destination countries, analyzed using time series and distribution analysis. The results indicate that Indonesia’s handicraft exports show an increasing trend over the period, with a temporary decline in 2020. Wood and ceramic crafts contribute the largest share of export value, while the United States and Japan are identified as the main export destinations. These findings suggest that Indonesia’s handicraft sector has strong competitiveness in the global market, supported by unique products and abundant natural resources. In conclusion, the handicraft sector has significant potential to support national export growth. It is recommended that efforts be made to enhance product quality, expand export markets, and strengthen government support to improve global competitiveness.
Transformasi Digital Dan Intervensi Pemerintah Terhadap Tenaga Kerja: Implikasi Terhadap Tingkat Pengangguran di Indonesia
Transformasi digital telah menjadi kekuatan utama yang mengubah struktur pasar tenaga kerja di Indonesia. Penerapan teknologi seperti otomatisasi, kecerdasan buatan (AI), dan platform digital telah menciptakan peluang baru, namun juga menimbulkan tantangan signifikan, terutama dalam bentuk pengangguran struktural akibat ketidaksesuaian keterampilan tenaga kerja. Pemerintah Indonesia telah mengimplementasikan berbagai intervensi, termasuk Strategi Nasional AI 2020–2045 dan program pelatihan digital, untuk mengatasi dampak negatif dari digitalisasi. Namun, efektivitas kebijakan ini masih menghadapi hambatan, seperti kesenjangan keterampilan digital dan ketimpangan akses terhadap teknologi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara transformasi digital, intervensi pemerintah, dan tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan analisis data sekunder, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa meskipun digitalisasi mendorong pertumbuhan sektor ekonomi baru, tanpa strategi pelatihan dan pendidikan yang adaptif, risiko pengangguran tetap tinggi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kebijakan yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan untuk memastikan bahwa transformasi digital berkontribusi positif terhadap penurunan tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia.
Diksi Pelecehan Seksual dalam Percakapan Digital Kasus FH UI: Kajian Pragmatik dan Perspektif Agama
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis penggunaan diksi bermuatan pelecehan seksual serta bentuk ketidaksantunan berbahasa dalam percakapan digital yang berkaitan dengan kasus Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia (FH UI) yang tersebar di media sosial X. Penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena kajian mengenai pelecehan seksual digital selama ini lebih banyak menyoroti aspek hukum, sosial, dan psikologis, sementara analisis kebahasaan, khususnya diksi seksual dan makna pragmatik dalam ujaran pelaku, masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan pragmatik serta integrasi perspektif pendidikan agama. Sumber data berasal dari screenshot percakapan digital, unggahan, dan komentar pada media sosial X yang berkaitan dengan kasus FH UI. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi, analisis dokumen, studi kasus, dan studi pustaka. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi bentuk diksi pelecehan seksual, menafsirkan makna pragmatik ujaran, mengkaji konteks komunikasi digital, serta meninjau relevansinya terhadap etika berbahasa dan nilai moral dalam perspektif agama. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa percakapan digital tersebut memuat penggunaan diksi vulgar, candaan seksual, objektifikasi tubuh perempuan, penghinaan verbal, serta ekspresi linguistik yang mengarah pada pelecehan seksual dan ketidaksantunan berbahasa. Secara pragmatik, ujaran tersebut tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai bentuk komunikasi literal, tetapi juga mengandung makna implisit berupa dominasi simbolik, pelecehan verbal, perendahan martabat, dan legitimasi budaya komunikasi yang permisif terhadap kekerasan seksual verbal.
Reconstruction of Social Structure Analysis Through a Complex Systems Approach to Reading Digital Society
This article seeks to reconstruct the analysis of social structure by applying a complex systems perspective in order to overcome the limitations of classical theories in explaining the co-evolution of social structures and societal dynamics within today’s socio-digital environment. The study employs a conceptual-analytical method supported by complexity-based social analysis. This includes the integration of complex adaptive systems theory, multilayer network analysis, and empirical insights derived from digital society studies and network science. The findings indicate that social structures in the digital era are no longer fixed, hierarchical, and stable as suggested by classical social theories. Instead, they function as adaptive, decentralized, and constantly evolving networks. Power relations are increasingly shaped by algorithmic systems that determine visibility, access to information, and opportunities for participation. At the same time, social inequality is reproduced through digital mechanisms such as algorithmic filtering, unequal data distribution, and platform bias. The proposed analytical framework emphasizes the importance of a multilayered perspective capable of capturing nonlinear social changes and the interconnected relationship between micro-level interactions and macro-level social configurations.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Consumer Decisions in Choosing a Wifi Service Provider in Rural Areas
Wi-Fi networks have become an essential part of modern life, particularly for users who rely on internet connectivity for work, entertainment, education, and communication activities. This study aims to examine the influence of Wi-Fi signal quality on customer satisfaction levels. Several important factors were analyzed, including connection speed, network stability, latency, and signal coverage. The research applied a survey method involving Wi-Fi service customers, combined with quantitative data analysis to identify the relationship between signal quality and customer satisfaction. The findings reveal that strong and stable Wi-Fi signals significantly improve customer satisfaction, while weak connections and network disruptions negatively affect user experience and service perception. Therefore, internet service providers are encouraged to improve and maintain their network infrastructure in order to deliver optimal signal performance and enhance overall customer satisfaction. Reliable internet quality is considered crucial for maintaining customer loyalty and supporting the increasing demand for digital connectivity in modern society.
Social and Technological Innovation in Peanut Threshing to Support Rural Farmer Welfare
This study aims to develop and apply a peanut threshing and sorting machine made from locally available materials that is practical and easy for farmers to use. The research was conducted through several stages, including problem identification, machine design, tool fabrication, testing, evaluation, and training for farmers regarding its operation. The testing results demonstrated that the machine achieved a working capacity of 150 kg per hour with an efficiency level of 96.27%, making it approximately five to six times faster than traditional manual methods. In addition, the machine significantly reduced the level of seed damage, producing better-quality peanuts with greater market value. The implementation of this technology contributed to higher productivity, improved time efficiency, lower labor expenses, and increased farmer income. Socially, the innovation also promoted cooperation among farmers and supported greater village self-reliance. Therefore, the peanut threshing machine can be regarded as an appropriate and applicable technology with strong potential for adoption in other regions that share similar agricultural conditions.
Effective Strategies in Change Management: Building Organizational Resilience in the Digital Age
This study seeks to analyze effective change management approaches that can support digital transformation while strengthening long-term organizational resilience. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, the research investigates social, cultural, and structural factors that contribute to the success of organizational change. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving selected informants, and were analyzed inductively to identify major themes from the findings. The findings further indicate that adaptive and transformational leadership plays an essential role in establishing a shared vision, encouraging collaboration, and improving organizational adaptability toward change. In addition, an organizational culture that supports innovation and continuous learning, together with effective two-way communication, significantly contributes to minimizing resistance and improving acceptance of digitalization initiatives. The research also highlights the importance of gradual and context-based technology adoption to ensure that the transformation process remains measurable and inclusive.
The Role of Instagram in Developing Social Interaction and Ethical Behavior Among Generation Z
Instagram allows users to present creative content while maintaining communication with friends and followers through both direct interactions and interactive story features. Within this context, this study examines how Instagram’s features shape the social interaction patterns of Generation Z and how the platform has evolved into an important part of their everyday activities. The discussion also highlights how users can maximize their Instagram experience to strengthen communication and develop wider social networks. Furthermore, the study explores the use of Instagram by Generation Z across different dimensions, ranging from feature utilization to effective digital marketing strategies. By understanding Instagram’s role in shaping social interaction among Generation Z, it can be concluded that the platform has significant potential to serve as an influential tool in the growth and development of Generation Z within the digital era.
The Effectiveness of Job Training Institutions in Reducing Unemployment in Lamongan Regency
This study seeks to examine the implementation of a job training program, measure its effectiveness, and analyze the challenges encountered in its execution as part of efforts to decrease unemployment rates. The research employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. Informants were selected through purposive sampling, involving institutional administrators and members of the community who took part in the training activities. Data were gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation, while the analysis applied a qualitative descriptive technique that included data reduction, data display, and conclusion formulation. The findings reveal that well-implemented job training programs can enhance participants’ competencies, work readiness, and employment opportunities through alignment with labor market demands and collaboration with industry partners. Nevertheless, the program’s impact remains less than optimal due to limited community participation, restricted access to information and training services, and insufficient work experience among participants. In addition, structural issues such as the scarcity of employment opportunities continue to limit the effectiveness of training programs in addressing unemployment.
Women and Financial Literacy in Households: A Synthesis of Gender and Economic Literature
This study explores women’s financial literacy within the household setting, emphasizing women’s position as central economic actors in family financial management. Financial literacy is understood not merely as a technical competence, but also as a social practice influenced by gender dynamics, cultural values, and power relations within the family. Women are frequently responsible for organizing daily budgets, controlling regular household expenditures, and preparing for future family needs, while major financial decisions such as investments often remain under male authority. The findings indicate that women’s financial literacy significantly contributes to strengthening household economic stability, especially during economic disturbances such as inflation and financial crises. In addition, strong financial literacy helps women allocate family resources more effectively, thereby enhancing household welfare and minimizing social inequality. The study further highlights the need for policies that promote women’s empowerment through accessible and inclusive financial education programs in order to foster gender equality in household financial decision-making and increase women’s economic involvement in society.