Evaluation of Class A Aggregate Base Course Compaction Quality Using the Sand Cone Test in a Road Preservation Project
Keywords:
Class A Aggregate Base Course; Sand Cone Method; Field Density; Modified Proctor; Road Preservation.Abstract
Class A aggregate base course is a vital component of pavement structures that functions to distribute traffic loads to the underlying layers. Its performance is largely determined by the level of compaction achieved during construction. This study aimed to evaluate the compaction quality of the Class A aggregate base course using the Sand Cone method and to assess its compliance with the Bina Marga General Specifications. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed through Sand Cone testing at 10 sampling points on the Road Preservation Project, Taba Mulan–Simpang Nangka Section, Bengkulu Province. The degree of compaction was determined by comparing the field dry density with the maximum dry density obtained from the Modified Proctor test (2.23 g/cm³). The results showed that the field compaction ranged from 99.10% to 101.79%, with an average of 100.49%. Eight testing points (80%) met the minimum compaction requirement of 100% Modified Proctor, while two points (20%) did not satisfy the specification. Overall, the Class A aggregate base course complied with the technical requirements of the Bina Marga General Specifications. Variations in compaction were influenced by material moisture content, layer thickness, the number of roller passes, aggregate gradation, weather conditions, and quality control during construction. Therefore, continuous supervision and quality control are essential to ensure that all sections achieve the required technical specifications.
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